JULIAN MACIAS
So, you’re thinking about buying an older home? You’re not alone. There’s something special about homes with history—unique architecture, established neighborhoods, and a charm you just can’t find in new construction. But beneath that charm, there can be hidden issues that may cost you a lot later.
Older homes weren’t built with today’s standards, and some problems don’t show up right away. That’s why it’s important to know what to look for before you sign anything. A professional home inspection is key, but it helps to walk in already aware of the red flags. This guide covers the most important things to check when you’re considering an older property.
1. The Roof and Exterior Matter More Than You Think
The roof plays a key role in keeping the entire home protected. It shields the structure and everything inside from the elements. In older homes, the roof may be near the end of its life, especially if it hasn’t been replaced recently. You’ll want to look for missing shingles, sagging areas, dark spots, moss, or cracked flashing. These signs can point to leaks or general wear.
Don’t forget to ask how old the roof is. Most asphalt shingles last around 20 to 30 years. If the roof is older than that, or you’re seeing visible damage, it might be time to call in a roofing professional. If you spot damage or signs of wear, scheduling a roof repair can prevent bigger problems later.
While you’re outside, check the siding and gutters, too. Look for cracks, rot, or rust. Make sure the gutters are securely attached, and water is being directed away from the foundation. Poor drainage can lead to water pooling near the house, which can cause foundation issues over time.
2. Foundation and Structural Integrity
A solid foundation is critical. Small cracks can be normal, but large gaps, sloping floors, or doors that don’t close properly may point to structural problems. Walk around the home and pay attention to any tilting or separation near the corners of walls and windows.
Inside the basement, look for horizontal cracks or signs of water intrusion. White powdery residue on walls (called efflorescence) may indicate water seepage. Structural repairs can be expensive and time-consuming, so don’t ignore any red flags here.
3. Electrical System Safety
Older homes may have outdated wiring that doesn’t meet today’s safety standards. Some still have knob-and-tube wiring or aluminum wires, which can be fire hazards. If you can, open the electrical panel and look at the breakers. Does everything look labeled and organized?
Also, test the light switches and outlets. Do lights flicker? Do outlets feel warm? These can all be signs that the electrical system needs updating. If in doubt, hire a licensed electrician to evaluate the system before you move in.
4. Plumbing and Water Lines
Plumbing is another area that can lead to expensive repairs. Many older homes were built with galvanized steel pipes, which corrode over time and can restrict water flow. Others may have old cast iron drains that crack or clog easily.
Check under sinks and around toilets for any leaks or water damage. Run the faucets and flush the toilets to test the water pressure. Slow drains, gurgling noises, or water stains on ceilings or walls are also signs of potential issues.
5. HVAC Systems and Ventilation
Heating and cooling systems don’t last forever. Furnaces typically last 15–20 years, while AC units may last around 10–15. If the home still has its original system or something that looks dated, it might be due for a replacement soon.
Turn on the heat and AC (if weather allows) and listen for strange sounds. Check for consistent airflow from vents in each room. You should also look at the condition of any visible ductwork. Holes or disconnected ducts can reduce efficiency and drive up your energy bills.
6. Windows, Doors, and Insulation
Windows and doors do more than open and close—they help regulate temperature and keep out moisture. Open and close every window and door in the house. Do they stick or feel drafty? Are there signs of rot or damage?
Many older homes have single-pane windows, which aren’t energy efficient. Replacing windows can be expensive, so keep that in mind when budgeting. Also, ask about insulation. If the attic or walls aren’t insulated well, you might deal with heat loss in the winter and rising utility bills.
7. Water Damage and Mold Risks
Water damage can be tricky. It might not look serious at first, but it can lead to mold and structural decay if not addressed. Look for water stains on ceilings and walls, especially in corners or around windows. Peeling paint, bubbling drywall, and musty smells are all warning signs.
Pay close attention to the basement and bathrooms. These are the most common places for mold to show up. If you see black or green spots along baseboards or in corners, that could mean there’s mold behind the walls.
8. Permits, Renovations, and Code Compliance
If the home has been renovated or updated, ask about permits and contractor records. Did the seller add a bathroom or finish the basement? Work that was done without proper permits could cause issues later—especially if you try to sell the home or file an insurance claim.
Also, try to learn about the home’s update timeline. If all the work was done quickly in the past year, be cautious. Some flipped homes cut corners to look nice without addressing deeper problems.
Buying an older home can absolutely be worth it—but it’s not something to rush into. A charming exterior or beautiful hardwood floors might catch your eye, but don’t forget to look deeper. Focus on the systems and structure. What you see on the surface might not tell the full story.
Walk through the home with a checklist. Bring in experts when needed, especially for things like electrical work, plumbing, or roof repair. These aren’t small projects, and you’ll want them done right. The more you know going in, the more confident you’ll feel when making an offer—and the fewer surprises you’ll face after moving.
Photo by RDNE Stock project